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How to transmit hepatitis A and how to prevent it

Hepatitis A is a type of hepatitis due to infection which is still common in developing countries, including Indonesia. This is because transmission of hepatitis A can easily occur through drinking water, food, or poor sanitation. Come on, know how to transmit hepatitis A so we can prevent it. Hepatitis A is an infectious disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus. This highly contagious disease is closely related to poor hygiene and sanitation. Let's get to know more about hepatitis A and how it is transmitted.

Modes of Transmission of Hepatitis A

The spread of hepatitis A virus occurs through the fecal-oral route, where the virus enters the mouth through objects, food, or beverages that have been contaminated with feces of hepatitis A patients. The following are some ways of transmitting the hepatitis A virus:

From person to person

Transmission of hepatitis A can occur when:
  • A person suffering from hepatitis A does not wash his hands thoroughly after using the toilet, then touches objects or food.
  • Make close contact with hepatitis A sufferers, for example treating hepatitis A patients, cleaning objects belonging to the patient, or having oral and anal sex with hepatitis A sufferers.

From food and drinks

A person can get hepatitis A when consuming food and water contaminated with the virus. These include frozen foods, foods that are not yet fully cooked, ice blocks, and shellfish that are contaminated with the hepatitis A virus. You are also at high risk of contracting hepatitis A if:
  • Live with people with hepatitis A.
  • Living in an area with poor sanitation and polluted water.
  • Work or live in a densely populated environment with poor sanitation and lack of clean water.
  • Didn't get hepatitis A vaccination.
  • Using drugs, especially injecting drugs.
  • Become a sexual partner with hepatitis A.
  • Have blood clotting diseases, such as hemophilia.
A person can get hepatitis A within 2 weeks to 2 months after the hepatitis A virus enters his body. Symptoms that are commonly felt are fever, nausea, abdominal pain, muscle aches, jaundice, and dark urine.

Handling and Prevention of Hepatitis A

There is no specific treatment in dealing with this disease, because the immune system will eliminate the virus by itself. Treatment is only intended to relieve symptoms, such as giving fever-lowering drugs to relieve fever. To prevent hepatitis A virus infection or transmission to others, you can take the following steps:
  1. Always wash your hands with soap and clean water, especially before preparing food, before eating, after taking out the trash, and after using the toilet.
  2. Avoid sharing the use of eating utensils, towels and toothbrushes, especially with hepatitis A sufferers.
  3. Get the hepatitis A vaccine.
  4. Avoid consuming unclean water.
  5. Avoid eating raw fruit, peeled fruit and raw vegetables in a dirty environment.
Immediately consult a doctor if you feel some symptoms of hepatitis A, especially if many people have hepatitis A in the environment around you. Given the main transmission of this virus is through contact with goods, food, or drinks that have been contaminated with feces of patients, the main step to prevent hepatitis A is to maintain personal hygiene and the environment.

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